Country of production and what it means for quality
Short answer: The country says something about wages and oversight, but nothing about the fabric. The factory matters more than the country.
What the country does say something about
Pay, working hours and how closely the authorities follow up. That is relevant if you choose on working conditions. It is not the same as the fabric being better or worse.
Why the factory weighs more
Within the same country there are modern mills with checks at every step and small sewing rooms with none. Two garments with the same country label can therefore be very different. See bamboo t-shirts for men.
What to go by instead
Certificates such as Oeko-Tex say something concrete about what was tested in the finished fabric. That is more useful than a country name. See Oeko-Tex certified products and FSC.
Frequently asked questions
Is European production better
For working conditions often yes. For the properties of the fabric not automatically.
Where is the country stated
On the sewn in label or the neck print, as made in.
Can one garment have several countries
Yes. Yarn, fabric and sewing can happen in three different places.