Side seam versus tubular knit
Short answer: A tubular garment has no side seam. It is cheaper to sew but fits a body with a waist less well.
How they are made
Tubular knit is knitted as a tube and cut to shape. There is no seam at the side, only at shoulder and sleeve. A garment with side seams is cut from flat knit and sewn together on both sides.
What you feel on the body
Without side seams the garment is the same width all the way down. With side seams the cut can be narrower at the waist and wider over the hip. That fits most people better. See bamboo t-shirts for women.
When tubular is an advantage
There is no seam that can chafe, which is welcome in underwear and on sensitive skin. See bamboo underwear for women and bamboo t-shirts for men.
Frequently asked questions
How do I tell which one I have
Look at the side from the armpit down. If there is no seam, it is tubular.
Do tubular t-shirts twist
They can after washing if the knit was tensioned unevenly. Look for a seam that turns.
Is a side seam more expensive
Yes, it is more minutes of work. It often shows in the price.