Dressing at ten degrees below freezing

Short answer: Three layers and covered extremities. At ten below, it is hands, ears and feet that decide whether the outing is comfortable.

The innermost layer

A close fitting long sleeved layer in bamboo viscose or wool against the skin. It should lie close so no air can circulate and cool. See bamboo long johns.

The two outer layers

A thick mid layer and a windproof outer jacket. In frost the wind matters more than the thickness, because still air insulates and moving air cools. See bamboo sweatshirts for men.

The extremities

A hat that covers the ears, mittens rather than gloves and two layers on the feet. Thin bamboo socks inside and a wool layer over them keep the feet dry and warm. See bamboo socks for men.

Frequently asked questions

How long can you stay outside

With three layers and covered extremities, for hours if you keep moving.

Why do you get cold even with many layers

Often because the innermost layer is damp. Change it before you stand still.

Is cotton good in frost

Not next to the skin. It goes cold as soon as you have sweated.