The difference between men's and women's socks
Short answer: The difference lies in the size and the width of the cuff, not in the fabric. A men's sock in size 36 to 40 is essentially the same as a women's sock in the same size.
The size ranges
Men's socks are typically sold in 40 to 44 and 45 to 48. Women's socks in 36 to 40 and 41 to 45. The overlap means many people can use either, and that is why the price can vary for the same thing.
The width of the cuff
Women's socks are often cut slightly narrower in the cuff. If you have strong calves, a men's cuff can be more comfortable whatever your foot size. See bamboo socks for women.
What to go by
Foot size first and cuff width second. The name of the category matters least. See bamboo socks for men and bamboo trainer socks for women.
Frequently asked questions
Is the fabric the same
Yes, in practice. The difference lies in measurements and cut.
Can women wear men's socks
Yes, if the foot size fits and the cuff is not too loose.
Is there a price difference
Sometimes. That follows the range rather than the category.