The myth that wool always itches
Short answer: Wool does not always itch. The itch comes from thick, stiff fibres that prickle the skin, while fine wools such as merino feel far softer. Yarn thickness, processing and what you wear underneath all shape how wool feels to you.
Why some wool itches
Wool fibres come in many thicknesses. Coarse fibres are stiff, and when their ends poke out of the yarn they do not bend as they meet the skin. That causes the prickly feeling many people associate with wool. Fine fibres are thinner and bend easily, so they feel soft. That is why two wool jumpers can feel completely different even though both come from sheep. Fibre diameter is measured in microns, and the lower the number, the finer and softer the wool usually is.
Merino and other fine wools
Merino wool comes from a breed of sheep with very fine fibres. It is often used for clothing worn directly against the skin because it is soft and supple. Other fine fibres such as cashmere and alpaca are also regarded as soft. Even fine wool can feel slightly rough on very sensitive skin, however. If you have eczema or another skin condition and notice discomfort, talk to your doctor. What the skin tolerates is highly individual, so it is worth trying things carefully.
Processing plays a part
How the wool has been spun and treated also affects the feel. A tightly twisted yarn has fewer loose fibre ends than a loosely twisted one. Some wool fabrics receive a treatment that smooths the surface so they can also be machine washed. Knitted fabrics often feel softer than woven ones because they give a little. Brands such as Turiform show that fabrics differ greatly, and it is worth feeling them before you pass judgement on an entire material.
A soft layer underneath
The easiest solution if wool feels rough is a thin layer between the skin and the wool. A layer of bamboo viscose or cotton takes the contact with the skin while the wool provides warmth on the outside. A bamboo bodysuit or a thin undershirt can be worn under a wool jumper in winter. You get the warmth of the wool without feeling the fibres directly on your skin, and the inner layer can be washed more often than the jumper.
Socks and wool
Wool socks are popular in winter because they stay warm even when slightly damp. Some people find, however, that they itch around the ankle or feel bulky in the shoe. A pair of thin socks underneath can help here, or you can choose socks in a softer material for everyday use. Bamboo socks for women are an example of socks that feel soft against the skin and are easy to wash at a low temperature in an ordinary machine.
Care that keeps wool soft
Wool does best with a lukewarm wash, wool detergent and gentle handling. Hot water and a hard spin can make the fibres felt, so the fabric becomes stiff and rougher. Let wool dry flat and avoid the tumble dryer unless the label says otherwise. Often it is enough to air wool rather than wash it. With the right care, wool keeps its softness for many years and can easily become a comfortable and lasting part of your wardrobe.
Frequently asked questions
Is merino wool suitable for sensitive skin
Many people with sensitive skin can wear merino, but it varies. If you have a skin condition, talk to your doctor.
Why does my wool jumper itch more after washing
It may have felted from heat or rough handling. Wash it lukewarm with wool detergent in future.
Can you make a wool jumper softer
A gentle wash with wool detergent can help a little. A soft layer underneath makes the biggest difference.
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